An assessment of street hawking and child labor in Ibadan North-West Local Government Area, Oyo State
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Background of the Study:
Street hawking and child labor remain pressing socio-economic issues in urban centers, particularly in Ibadan North-West. Rapid urbanization and poverty have forced many families to resort to informal economic activities, with children often engaged in street hawking as a means of survival (Adewale, 2023). This phenomenon is linked to systemic challenges such as inadequate educational opportunities, weak enforcement of labor laws, and socio-economic disparities. Street hawking not only exposes children to hazardous conditions but also hampers their educational development and future prospects (Bello, 2024). The study critically examines the socio-cultural and economic factors that drive child labor in street hawking, highlighting the interplay between poverty, urban economic pressures, and the erosion of child rights. Emphasis is placed on how cultural acceptance and economic necessity often blur the lines between survival strategies and exploitative labor practices (Folarin, 2025). By exploring these dimensions, the research aims to offer insights into the urgent need for comprehensive policy reforms and community-based interventions that can protect vulnerable children while addressing the broader issues of urban poverty and labor exploitation.
Statement of the Problem:
Child labor through street hawking in Ibadan North-West poses severe challenges to social development and the protection of children’s rights. The economic hardships driving this practice are compounded by insufficient regulatory frameworks and community awareness (Adewale, 2023). The prevalence of child labor in informal markets not only jeopardizes educational opportunities but also increases the risk of exploitation, making it imperative to investigate the underlying socio-economic drivers and seek viable solutions (Bello, 2024).
Objectives of the Study:
- To investigate the factors contributing to street hawking and child labor.
- To assess the impact of street hawking on children’s education and well-being.
- To propose interventions to curb child labor in informal economies.
Research Questions:
- What socio-economic factors drive children into street hawking?
- How does street hawking affect the educational prospects of children?
- What strategies can be implemented to reduce child labor in urban settings?
Research Hypotheses:
- H₁: Socio-economic deprivation significantly influences child involvement in street hawking.
- H₂: Street hawking adversely affects children’s educational outcomes.
- H₃: Enhanced policy enforcement reduces the prevalence of child labor in street hawking.
Significance of the Study:
This study provides critical insights into the nexus between urban poverty and child labor. Its findings will guide policy reforms and community interventions aimed at protecting children’s rights and improving socio-economic conditions (Folarin, 2025).
Scope and Limitations of the Study:
This study is limited to examining street hawking and child labor in Ibadan North-West Local Government Area, Oyo State, focusing solely on the socio-economic and regulatory dimensions within this locale.
Definitions of Terms:
- Street Hawking: The act of selling goods on the streets, often carried out informally.
- Child Labor: Employment of children in work that deprives them of education and proper development.
- Socio-economic Deprivation: A lack of material and social resources necessary for a decent quality of life.
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